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The city was founded circa 315 BC by Cassander,
the King of Macedon (Μακεδών), on or near the site of the ancient town of Therma
and twenty six other local villages. He named it after his wife Thessalonica,
the sister of Alexander the Great. She gained her name from her father, Philip
II of Macedon, to commemorate her birth on the day of his gaining a victory (Gr.
Nike) over the Phocians, who were defeated with the help of Thessalian horsemen,
the best in Greece at that time. Thessaloniki means the "victory of Thessalians"
(where Thessalians derives from Thessaly which means thesi alos, i.e. "a land
that was sea"). Thessaloniki developed rapidly and as early as the 2nd century
BC the first walls were built, forming a large square. It was, as all the other
contemporary Greek cities, an autonomous part of the Kingdom of Macedon, with
its own parliament where the King was represented and could interfere in the
city's domestic affairs.
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